The Modern Art period encompasses diverse movements, including Fauvism, known for its vivid color palettes; Cubism, which introduced fragmented, geometric forms; Surrealism, an exploration of the subconscious mind; and Abstract Expressionism, characterized by emotive, non-representational art. Additionally, the period encompasses movements such as Dadaism, emphasizing the absurd and irrational, and Pop Art, celebrating popular culture. These movements collectively reflect a departure from traditional artistic conventions, embracing innovation, experimentation, and the evolving cultural, social, and political landscape of the 20th century.